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Two killed in Israeli drone attack in eastern Lebanon

Al Jazeera

Why is Israel still in southern Lebanon? A war to shape Lebanon's future Two people have been killed in an Israeli drone strike on a minibus in eastern Lebanon as near-daily ceasefire violations continue, Lebanese state media reported. Lebanon's National News Agency (NNA) said on Thursday that the drone hit the vehicle on the Hosh al-Sayyed Ali road in the Hermel district. Israeli military spokesperson Avichay Adraee claimed on X that Thursday's strike targeted a "terrorist operative" in al-Nasiriyah in eastern Lebanon. The attack came hours after a passerby was injured in an Israeli drone strike targeting a car in the town of Jennata in the Tyre district of southern Lebanon late on Wednesday.


SPIRIT: Short-term Prediction of solar IRradIance for zero-shot Transfer learning using Foundation Models

Mishra, Aditya, T, Ravindra, Iyengar, Srinivasan, Kalyanaraman, Shivkumar, Kumaraguru, Ponnurangam

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Traditional solar forecasting models are based on several years of site-specific historical irradiance data, often spanning five or more years, which are unavailable for newer photovoltaic farms. As renewable energy is highly intermittent, building accurate solar irradiance forecasting systems is essential for efficient grid management and enabling the ongoing proliferation of solar energy, which is crucial to achieve the United Nations' net zero goals. In this work, we propose SPIRIT, a novel approach leveraging foundation models for solar irradiance forecasting, making it applicable to newer solar installations. Our approach outperforms state-of-the-art models in zero-shot transfer learning by about 70%, enabling effective performance at new locations without relying on any historical data. Further improvements in performance are achieved through fine-tuning, as more location-specific data becomes available. These findings are supported by statistical significance, further validating our approach. SPIRIT represents a pivotal step towards rapid, scalable, and adaptable solar forecasting solutions, advancing the integration of renewable energy into global power systems.


Comparison of Epilepsy Induced by Ischemic Hypoxic Brain Injury and Hypoglycemic Brain Injury using Multilevel Fusion of Data Features

Kadem, Sameer, Sami, Noor, Elaraby, Ahmed, Alyousif, Shahad, Jalil, Mohammed, Altaee, M., Almusawi, Muntather, Ismaeel, A. Ghany, Kareem, Ali Kamil, Kamalrudin, Massila, ftaiet, Adnan Allwi

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

The study aims to investigate the similarities and differences in the brain damage caused by Hypoxia-Ischemia (HI), Hypoglycemia, and Epilepsy. Hypoglycemia poses a significant challenge in improving glycemic regulation for insulin-treated patients, while HI brain disease in neonates is associated with low oxygen levels. The study examines the possibility of using a combination of medical data and Electroencephalography (EEG) measurements to predict outcomes over a two-year period. The study employs a multilevel fusion of data features to enhance the accuracy of the predictions. Therefore this paper suggests a hybridized classification model for Hypoxia-Ischemia and Hypoglycemia, Epilepsy brain injury (HCM-BI). A Support Vector Machine is applied with clinical details to define the Hypoxia-Ischemia outcomes of each infant. The newborn babies are assessed every two years again to know the neural development results. A selection of four attributes is derived from the Electroencephalography records, and SVM does not get conclusions regarding the classification of diseases. The final feature extraction of the EEG signal is optimized by the Bayesian Neural Network (BNN) to get the clear health condition of Hypoglycemia and Epilepsy patients. Through monitoring and assessing physical effects resulting from Electroencephalography, The Bayesian Neural Network (BNN) is used to extract the test samples with the most log data and to report hypoglycemia and epilepsy Keywords- Hypoxia-Ischemia , Hypoglycemia , Epilepsy , Multilevel Fusion of Data Features , Bayesian Neural Network (BNN) , Support Vector Machine (SVM)


AI tongue scanner can diagnose illnesses with 96 percent accuracy

Popular Science

A new artificial intelligence machine learning model is capable of accurately diagnosing certain illnesses nearly every time by simply looking at a patient's tongue. The novel technology, while state-of-the-art, draws its inspiration from medical approaches utilized by humans for over 2,000 years. When it comes to diagnosing ailments, traditional Chinese medicine and other practices often turn to the tongue for clues. Based on its color, shape, and thickness, the muscle can reveal a number of possible health issues--from cancer, to diabetes, to even asthma and gastrointestinal issues. Now, after more than two millennia of peering into patient mouths for answers, doctors may soon receive a second opinion from artificial eyes powered by machine learning.


A Scalable and Generalized Deep Learning Framework for Anomaly Detection in Surveillance Videos

Jebur, Sabah Abdulazeez, Hussein, Khalid A., Hoomod, Haider Kadhim, Alzubaidi, Laith, Saihood, Ahmed Ali, Gu, YuanTong

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Anomaly detection in videos is challenging due to the complexity, noise, and diverse nature of activities such as violence, shoplifting, and vandalism. While deep learning (DL) has shown excellent performance in this area, existing approaches have struggled to apply DL models across different anomaly tasks without extensive retraining. This repeated retraining is time-consuming, computationally intensive, and unfair. To address this limitation, a new DL framework is introduced in this study, consisting of three key components: transfer learning to enhance feature generalization, model fusion to improve feature representation, and multi-task classification to generalize the classifier across multiple tasks without training from scratch when new task is introduced. The framework's main advantage is its ability to generalize without requiring retraining from scratch for each new task. Empirical evaluations demonstrate the framework's effectiveness, achieving an accuracy of 97.99% on the RLVS dataset (violence detection), 83.59% on the UCF dataset (shoplifting detection), and 88.37% across both datasets using a single classifier without retraining. Additionally, when tested on an unseen dataset, the framework achieved an accuracy of 87.25%. The study also utilizes two explainability tools to identify potential biases, ensuring robustness and fairness. This research represents the first successful resolution of the generalization issue in anomaly detection, marking a significant advancement in the field.


A Review of Link Prediction Applications in Network Biology

Musawi, Ahmad F. Al, Roy, Satyaki, Ghosh, Preetam

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

In the domain of network biology, the interactions among heterogeneous genomic and molecular entities are represented through networks. Link prediction (LP) methodologies are instrumental in inferring missing or prospective associations within these biological networks. In this review, we systematically dissect the attributes of local, centrality, and embedding-based LP approaches, applied to static and dynamic biological networks. We undertake an examination of the current applications of LP metrics for predicting links between diseases, genes, proteins, RNA, microbiomes, drugs, and neurons. We carry out comprehensive performance evaluations on established biological network datasets to show the practical applications of standard LP models. Moreover, we compare the similarity in prediction trends among the models and the specific network attributes that contribute to effective link prediction, before underscoring the role of LP in addressing the formidable challenges prevalent in biological systems, ranging from noise, bias, and data sparseness to interpretability. We conclude the review with an exploration of the essential characteristics expected from future LP models, poised to advance our comprehension of the intricate interactions governing biological systems.


Deep fusion of gray level co-occurrence matrices for lung nodule classification

Saihood, Ahmed, Karshenas, Hossein, Nilchi, AhmadReza Naghsh

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

Lung cancer is a severe menace to human health, due to which millions of people die because of late diagnoses of cancer; thus, it is vital to detect the disease as early as possible. The Computerized chest analysis Tomography of scan is assumed to be one of the efficient solutions for detecting and classifying lung nodules. The necessity of high accuracy of analyzing C.T. scan images of the lung is considered as one of the crucial challenges in detecting and classifying lung cancer. A new long-short-term-memory (LSTM) based deep fusion structure, is introduced, where, the texture features computed from lung nodules through new volumetric grey-level-co-occurrence-matrices (GLCM) computations are applied to classify the nodules into: benign, malignant and ambiguous. An improved Otsu segmentation method combined with the water strider optimization algorithm (WSA) is proposed to detect the lung nodules. Otsu-WSA thresholding can overcome the restrictions present in previous thresholding methods. Extended experiments are run to assess this fusion structure by considering 2D-GLCM computations based 2D-slices fusion, and an approximation of this 3D-GLCM with volumetric 2.5D-GLCM computations-based LSTM fusion structure. The proposed methods are trained and assessed through the LIDC-IDRI dataset, where 94.4%, 91.6%, and 95.8% Accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity are obtained, respectively for 2D-GLCM fusion and 97.33%, 96%, and 98%, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, respectively, for 2.5D-GLCM fusion. The yield of the same are 98.7%, 98%, and 99%, for the 3D-GLCM fusion. The obtained results and analysis indicate that the WSA-Otsu method requires less execution time and yields a more accurate thresholding process. It is found that 3D-GLCM based LSTM outperforms its counterparts.